Georgia’s Joint Customs Initiative with Armenia and Azerbaijan: Economic Signalling and Implications for Caucasus Stability

Executive Summary This report assesses Georgia’s recent agreement to establish joint customs checkpoints with Armenia and Azerbaijan and its broader strategy to position itself as a regional logistics hub. Tbilisi views the initiative as fundamental to regional integration considering evolving trade routes. The situation arises amidst an ongoing Armenia–Azerbaijan peace process and continued Russian influence, … Read more

Serbia’s introduction of quotas and 50% customs duty on the import of BiH steel made VTKBiH react immediately

According to the Chamber of Foreign Trade of Bosnia and Herzegovina (VTKBiH), the competent institutions should provide the information regarding a Decree on the introduction of a temporary measure to ensure the economic stability of industries of strategic importance. The Government of Serbia has adopted this decree which limits the import of certain iron and steel products from January 1 to June 30, 2026.
For example, ribbed concrete steel and hot-rolled wire in coils, as well as ribbed concrete steel in rods, fall under the regulation. They introduce the measure for six months and will implement it through the system of tariff quotas. After that, the import of these products will be the subject of a customs duty of 50 percent. Nevertheless, individual quotas are divided into quarterly maximums, for the period from January 1 to March 31, in order to supply the market evenly. That means that it is possible to transfer the unused quota from the first to the second quarter until June 30 of this year. The order of customs declarations’ acceptance will be the basis of quotas distribution.
Evidently, such parameters as the cumulative volume of real trade flows, regional distribution models and the real market share of producers and suppliers were not fully taken into account when determining the quotas.
Moreover, they adopted the Regulation limiting the duty-free placement of goods within the CEFTA countries at the very end of one business year. This factor limits long-term contracts that companies from BiH have with companies on the market of the Republic of Serbia.
The statement adds that the detention of trucks at border crossings, which has already occurred in practice and currently is the most critical problem for exporters from Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The retention has already had measurable and serious consequences. Financial costs (truck stops, penalties, additional transport costs) increased, deliveries to contracted customers in the Republic of Serbia were delayed. Production and construction supply chains were interrupted, causing serious damage to the reputation of suppliers from Bosnia and Herzegovina as reliable and predictable partners.
As VTKBiH announced, it asks an urgent reaction of the competent institutions of the Republic of Serbia and CEFTA structures to the competent institutions in BiH due to the economic repercussions of the effects of the said Regulation on the free, duty-free flow of goods within CEFTA countries.
NH Logistics SER has been offering IOR Importer of Record and EOR Exporter of Record services since 2001 and is a market leader in Serbia and Eurasia, supporting many clients with their import/export shipments.

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VTKBiH requests an immediate Reaction: Serbia introduces quotas and 50% Customs Duty on the Import of BiH Steel

The Chamber of Foreign Trade of Bosnia and Herzegovina (VTKBiH) requests an urgent reaction from the competent institutions regarding the information that the Government of Serbia has adopted a Decree on the introduction of a temporary measure to ensure the economic stability of industries of strategic importance, which limits the import of certain iron and … Read more

Georgia’s Foreign Trade Up 10% in 2025

Georgia’s external merchandise trade, excluding non-declared trade, totaled USD 25.8 billion in 2025, up 10.1% year-on-year, according to data released by the National Statistics Office of Georgia (Geostat) on January 20. Exports increased by 11.2% to USD 7.2 billion, while imports rose by 9.7% to USD 18.5 billion. The trade deficit stood at USD 11.2 … Read more

Import quotas on certain Serbian iron and steel products have appeared

Since January 1, Serbia has launched a six-month import quota scheme on selected steel products.
Particularly, imports of cement and certain steel products have fallen under this temporary quota regime. The measure limits imports of Portland cement and selected iron and steel products through tariff quotas for a six-month period from January 1 to June 30, 2026. It means that they will apply an additional 50% customs duty to the relevant products after the exceeding the quota thresholds.
Five product groups will fall under the regulation: Portland cement, hot-rolled steel, cold-rolled steel, ribbed concrete reinforcing steel, hot-rolled wire rod, and ribbed reinforcing bars. The largest share of the total quota volume, exceeding 420,000 tonnes, accounts for cement (250,350 tonnes). They will allocate quotas to countries and customs territories basing on their respective shares of total imports over the past five years.
Türkiye, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, and other countries of the European Union expect the largest allocations. They will implement the quota scheme in two quarterly phases: January 1–March 31 and April 1–June 30, 2026, with the possibility to carry any unused quota volumes forward to the following quarter.
A “first come, first served” principle will define quota distribution. Implementation and monitoring will be under the responsibility of the Customs Administration. Also, they will report utilization data to the Ministry of Internal and Foreign Trade on a monthly basis.
NH Logistics SER has been offering IOR Importer of Record and EOR Exporter of Record services since 2001 and is a market leader in Serbia and Eurasia, supporting many clients with their import/export shipments.

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Road and rail cargo volumes grow in Georgia, air cargo volumes decline

As freight operators in Georgia have reported, air cargo volumes decreased in 2025, while road and rail freight strengthened.
According to Giorgi Zumbadze, Managing Partner at SKYLOG, changes in the operations of the Chinese e-commerce platform TEMU caused the decline in air cargo by a surge in demand for charter flights.
Meanwhile, road transportation grew by around 100%, as well as rail and maritime shipments. This made total cargo volumes rise significantly compared to 2024.
The problem is that Georgian freight companies lose control over the flow of air cargo. Chinese logistics agents now deliver parcels to destination countries, including Georgia and Armenia.
According to Zumbadze, Georgian airlines and logistics firms’ air freight activity won’t recover in 2026 due to the permanence of the structural shift in e-commerce logistics.
NH Logistics GEO has been offering IOR Importer of Record and EOR Exporter of Record services since 2001 and is a market leader in Georgia and Eurasia, supporting many clients with their import/export shipments.

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Ukraine’s trade turnover in 2025 amounted to $125.1 billion

In January-December, goods worth $84.8 billion were imported into the country, while exports amounted to $40.3 billion Ukraine’s trade turnover for January-December 2025 amounted to $125.1 billion, according to data from the State Customs Service. Last year, goods worth $84.8 billion were imported into the country, while exports amounted to $40.3 billion. At the same … Read more